View source for Source:King Haco's Expedition (MCCLXII)

{{Book section
|book=The Norwegian Account of King Haco's Expedition (1782)
|source_type=
|section=MCCLXII
|transcription=<center>MCCLXII.</center>

Um sumarit kom bref vestan um haf af {{smallcaps|Sudrkyiom}} frá Konongonom. Kærdo their miög um þan úfrid er Jarlin af {{smallcaps|Ros}}, ok {{smallcaps|Kiarnakr}} son {{smallcaps|Makamals}}, ok adrir {{smallcaps|Skotar}} höfdo gert í {{smallcaps|Sudrkyiom}} þá er þeir foro út í {{smallcaps|Skid}}. Brendo bæi ok kirkior, enn drápo mikin fiölþa karla ok kvenna. Ok fva sögdo þeir at {{smallcaps|Skotar}} höfdo tekit fmá börnin, ok lögdo á spiótzodda, ok skóko til þefs er þau rendo at höndom þeim ofan, ok köstodo þeim fva daudom assram.  Sögdo ok at Skota Konongr ætladi at leggia under fik allar {{smallcaps|Sudreyiar}}, ef honom ynniz lif til.{{sfn|Þórðarson|1782|p=[https://archive.org/details/TheNorwegianacco000379381v0SturReyk/page/n35/mode/1up 16]}}

Enn er pessitídindi sretti {{smallcaps|Hacon}} Konongr feck honom mikillrar áhyggio, ok bar þetta mál fyrir rád fitt. Enn hvat fern hverr lagdi til, let {{smallcaps|Hacon}} Konongr gera útboda bref um vetrin epter Jól of allan Noreg, ok baud út leidangri, bæde at lidi ok viftom fva sem honom þótti landit mefto mega afla. Hann stefndi þeim öllom til mótz vid fig fnem ma um varit í {{smallcaps|Biörgyn}}.{{sfn|Þórðarson|1782|p=[https://archive.org/details/TheNorwegianacco000379381v0SturReyk/page/n37/mode/1up 18]}}


<center>MCCLXII.</center>

''In ʃummer there came letters from the Kings of the'' {{smallcaps|Hebrides}} ''in the Weʃtern ʃeas. They complain'd much of the hoʃtilities which the Earl of'' {{smallcaps|Ross}}, {{smallcaps|Kiarnach}}, ''the ʃon of'' {{smallcaps|Mac-Camal}}, ''and other'' {{smallcaps|Scots}} ''committed in the'' {{smallcaps|Hebrides}} ''when they went out to'' {{smallcaps|Sky}} — ''They burned villages, and churches, and they killed great numbers both of men and women. They affirmed, that the'' {{smallcaps|Scotch}} ''had even taken the ʃmall children, and, raiʃing them on the points of their ʃpears, shook them till they fell down to their hands, when they threw them away lifeleʃs on the ground. They ʃaid alʃo, that the'' {{smallcaps|Scottish}} ''King purpoʃed to ʃubdue all the'' {{smallcaps|Hebrides}}, ''if life was granted him''.<ref name="Haco's Expedition 1782 p. 17" />

''When King'' {{smallcaps|Haco}} ''heard theʃe tidings, they gave him much uneaʃineʃs, and he laid the caʃe before his council. Whatever objections were made, the reʃolution was then taken, that King'' {{smallcaps|Haco}} ''should in winter, about Chriʃtmas, iʃʃue an edict thro' all'' {{smallcaps|Norway}}, ''and order out both what troops and proviʃions he thought his dominions cou'd poʃʃibly ʃupply for an expedition. He commanded all his forces to meet him at'' {{smallcaps|Bergen}}, ''about the beginning of ʃpring''.{{sfn|Þórðarson|1782|p=[https://archive.org/details/TheNorwegianacco000379381v0SturReyk/page/n38/mode/1up 19]}}


<center>''Notes''.</center>
''Page''
<ol>
<li value="16"> I {{smallcaps|Skid}}. ''In the Fl. Ms''. ístrid e. to war.
<li value="16"> Jarlin af {{smallcaps|Ros}} ok {{smallcaps|Kiarnakr}} son {{smallcaps|Makamals}}. ''The text here is much vitiated. The author might have read in some'' {{smallcaps|Irish}} ''accounts'', Jarl{{sfn|Þórðarson|1782|p=[https://archive.org/details/TheNorwegianacco000379381v0SturReyk/page/n165/mode/1up 145]}} na {{smallcaps|Ross}} ({{smallcaps|William}}) M'{{smallcaps|Kerchar}}, M'{{smallcaps|Calom}}, ''i.e., the Earl of'' {{smallcaps|Ross}} ({{smallcaps|William}}) ''the ʃon of'' {{smallcaps|Ferchard}}, ''the ʃon of'' {{smallcaps|Malcolm}}. ''This'' {{smallcaps|William}} {{smallcaps|Mac}} {{smallcaps|Erchart}} ''was a young Hero, and is corruptly called'' {{smallcaps|Macentagart}} ''by the'' {{smallcaps|Scottish}} ''hiʃtorians. Or perhaps, three perʃons may be alluded to viz. The Earl of'' {{smallcaps|Ross}}, {{smallcaps|Kinneach-son}} (''of'' {{smallcaps|Kintail}}), ''and a'' {{smallcaps|MacCamal}} ''of'' {{smallcaps|Lochaw}}, ''all powerful chieftains on the weʃt coaʃt of'' {{smallcaps|Scotland}}. ''It is, however, not impoʃʃible that'' {{smallcaps|Kiarnak}}, ''was ʃome ancient chieftain from whom a branch of the'' {{smallcaps|Grants}} ''was called'' {{smallcaps|Clan Chiarnach}}. ''The Fl. Ms. for'' {{smallcaps|Makamal}} ''reads'' {{smallcaps|Niachamal}} ''which may be a miʃtake for'' {{smallcaps|Nial Camal}}.
<li value="16"> Oc fva saugdo þeir &c. ''The inhuman practice here deʃcribed, was common in thoʃe times. From the'' {{smallcaps|Landnamaboc}} ''we learn that'' {{smallcaps|Olver}} ''firʃt{{sfn|Þórðarson|1782|p=[https://archive.org/details/TheNorwegianacco000379381v0SturReyk/page/n166/mode/1up 146]}} diʃcouraged this cuʃtom''. Han let ecki henda born a spióts oddum, fem þá var víkingom tidt ; þvi var hann {{smallcaps|Olver Barnakall}} kalladr, ''i. e''. {{smallcaps|Olver}} ''did not permit toʃʃing infants from ʃpear to ʃpear as was uʃual among pirates, and was therefore ʃurnamed'' {{smallcaps|Barna kall}} ''or'' the protector of Infants.
<li value="18"> Jol, ''The great brumal feʃtival among the'' {{smallcaps|Scandinavians}}. ''Hence the'' {{smallcaps|Scotch}} ''word'' Yule, ''i.e''., {{smallcaps|Christmas}}.{{sfn|Þórðarson|1782|p=[https://archive.org/details/TheNorwegianacco000379381v0SturReyk/page/n167/mode/1up 147]}}
</ol>
|name=
|place=
|related_documents=
|related_topic=
|notes=Rev. James Johnstone published his translation, along with his own notes, in 1782. A hundred years later, Edmund Goldsmid published Johnstone's translation along with [[The Norwegian Account of King Haco's Expedition (1885)|additional notes]].

== Translation ==
Just for comparison, this is the translation from Google Translate, with some help from The Linguistics Research Center.<ref name=" The Linguistics Research Center ">{{cite web | title=Old Norse Online | website= The Linguistics Research Center | url=https://lrc.la.utexas.edu/eieol_master_gloss/norol/18 | access-date=31 May 2023}}</ref>
<blockquote>About summer a letter came from the west across the ocean from Sudrkyiom from Konongonom. They are very concerned about what the Earl of Ros, and Kiarnakr son of Makamal, and other Scots did in Sudrkiiom when they went out to Skid. Set on fire towns and villages, further killed many men and women. And then they said that the Scots had taken some of the children, and put them on the edge of the fire, and the women ran to the ground to hand them over, and threw them to death. They also said that the Scots King was going to subjugate all of Sudrei if he lived<br><br>

Still, King Hacon's pessimistic streak caused him great concern, and this matter was brought before the council. Regardless of what everyone suggested, King Hacon had a letter of invitation made in the winter after Christmas for all of Norway, and he offered expeditions, both for men and women, for what he thought the country could obtain. He directed them all to meet us in Biörgyn.</blockquote>
|footnotes=
|citation_template=
|full_citation={{Cite book |last1= Þórðarson |first1= Sturla |translator-last1= Johnstone |translator-first1= James |date= 1782 |orig-date= c. 1263 |title= The Norwegian Account of Haco's Expedition against Scotland; A.D. MCCLXIII. now first published, in the oringinal Islandic, from the Flateyan and Frisian MSS. with a literal English version and notes. |title-link= The Norwegian Account of King Haco's Expedition |publisher= Johnstone }}
|full_citation_text=Cite book {{!}}last1= Þórðarson {{!}}first1= Sturla {{!}}translator-last1= Johnstone {{!}}translator-first1= James {{!}}date= 1782 {{!}}orig-date= c. 1263 {{!}}title= The Norwegian Account of Haco's Expedition against Scotland; A.D. MCCLXIII. now first published, in the oringinal Islandic, from the Flateyan and Frisian MSS. with a literal English version and notes. {{!}}title-link= The Norwegian Account of King Haco's Expedition {{!}}publisher= Johnstone
|bibliography=
|sort=King Haco's Expedition (1262)
}}{{Timeline subobject
|event_name=Main
|date=1782 
|person_page=
|place_page=
|related_person=
|related_place=
|related_topic=Timeline of Earl of Ross references
|timeline=1782 - In ''[[The Norwegian Account of King Haco's Expedition (1782)|The Norwegian Account of King Haco's Expedition]]'', James Johnstone includes this note about his translation of  manuscripts pertaining to the Earl of Ross's ransacking of the Hebrides in 1262: "Jarlin af Ros ok Kiarnakr son Makamals (orig.). The text here is much vitiated. The author might have read in some Irish accounts, Jarl na Ross (William) M'Kerchar, M'Calom, i.e., the Earl of Ross (William) the son of Ferchard, the son of Malcolm. This William Mac Erchart was a young Hero, and is corruptly called Macentagart by the Scottish historians. Or perhaps, three persons may be alluded to viz. The Earl of Ross, Kinneach-son (of Kintail), and a MacCamal of Lochaw, all powerful chieftains on the west coast of Scotland."
|citation=[[#CITEREFÞórðarson1782|Þórðarson 1782]], pp. [https://archive.org/details/TheNorwegianacco000379381v0SturReyk/page/n165/mode/1up 145-146].
|citation_name=Haco's Expedition 1782 pp. 146-147
}}{{Timeline subobject
|entry_precedence=1
|date_circa=Jul 1262
|person_page=William, 2nd Earl of Ross ( -1274)
|place_page=
|related_person=
|related_place=
|related_topic=Timeline of the Earls of Ross
|timeline=1262 - In summer there came letters from the Kings of the Hebrides in the Western seas. They complain'd much of the hostilities which the [[William, 2nd Earl of Ross ( -1274)|Earl of Ross]], Kiarnach, the son of Mac-Camal, and other Scots committed in the Hebrides when they went out to Sky. They burned villages, and churches, and they killed great numbers both of men and women. They affirmed, that the Scotch had even taken the small children, and, raising them on the points of their spears, shook them till they fell down to their hands, when they threw them away lifeless on the ground. They said also, that the Scottish King purposed to subdue all the Hebrides, if life was granted him.
|citation=[[#CITEREFÞórðarson1782|Þórðarson 1782]], p. [https://archive.org/details/TheNorwegianacco000379381v0SturReyk/page/n36/mode/1up 17].
|citation_name=Haco's Expedition 1782 p. 17
}}