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{{Book section
|book= Origines parochiales Scotiae (vol. 2)
|source_type=Book
|volume=2
|section=Applecross
|transcription=<center>APPLECROSS.</center>
<center>Aporcrossan, Apercrossan, Apuorcrosain1—Crosain2—Appillcroce3—Abilcros4—Apilcors5—Apilcroce6—Abilcors7—Apilcorce, Appilcorce8—Choinbrich-abrich9—Combrich10—Apilgirth11<ref name="Map images 2022 f209">{{cite map |author = |title = [A map of Scotland, north of Loch Linnhe and the River Dee and west of the River Deveron] |map = |map-url = |date = c. 1640 |url = https://maps.nls.uk/view/00000185#zoom=7&lat=2653&lon=753&layers=BT|scale = |series = |publisher = |cartography = Robert Gordon|location = |id =Adv.MS.70.2.10 (Gordon 3) |via=[[National Library of Scotland]]|access-date = 21 Feb 2024}}</ref>—Aplecroce.12 (Map, No. 4.)</center>

{{smallcaps|This}} parish, chiefly mountainous, lies between the salt-water lochs named Loch Kishorn and
Loch Torridon, and includes three districts, Kishorn, Applecross, and Lochs. On the coast
there are some small islands.

We are informed by the Irish annalists that in the year 673 [[Máel Ruba|Maelruba]] (known in Scotland
as Saint Rufus, Malrubius, or Malrube, and commemorated on the 27th of August) founded
the [[St. Maelrubha's monastery at Aporcrosan|church of Aporcrossan]].13 From the same source we learn that he died at Apercrossan on
the 21st of April 722, aged 80 years, three months, and 19 days.14{{sfn|Mac Niocaill|loc= [https://research.ucc.ie/celt/document/T100002A#T722.1 Entry T722.1]}} Saint Malrube, says the
Aberdeen Breviary, was murdered at Urquhart in Ross by Norwegians who landed on the
coast, and who understood that he preached a different faith from theirs. He lived some days
after receiving his death wounds, and ordered his body to be buried at Appilcroce.15 He was
succeeded in the rule of the monastery (as it then appears to have been) of Apuorcrossan by
Failbe M‘Guaire, who in the year 737 perished at sea along with 22 followers who manned his
vessel.16{{sfn|Mac Niocaill|loc=[https://research.ucc.ie/celt/document/T100002A#T737.2 Entry T737.2]}} The Aberdeen Breviary, without giving the date, informs us that the Danes, having
landed at Appilcroce, violated the sacred territory of six miles round the church, insulted and{{sfn|Innes|1854|p=[https://archive.org/details/originesparoc97a02unknuoft/page/402/mode/1up 402]}}


# ''Ante'' A. D. 1088. Tigeraachi Aunales.
# ''Post'' A. D. 1088. Annal. Ulton.
# A. D. 1510. Brev. Aberd. Prop. SS. pro temp, estiv., fol. 90.
# A. D. 1515. Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. v. fol. 29.
# A. D. 1539. Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xiii. fol. 26. A. D. 1600-1700. Macfarlane's Geog. Collect.
# A. D. 1540. Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xiii. fol. 73; vol. xiv. fol. 36. A. D. 1542. Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xv. fol. 84. A.D. 1561. Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxx. fol. 53. A. D. 1569. Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxxviii. fol. 119. A.D. 1574. Book of Assignations. A. D. 1575. Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xliii. fol. 17. A.D. 1576. Reg. Sec Sig., vol. xliii. fol. 100. A. D. 1583. Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xlix. fol. 165.
# A. D. 1548. Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxii. fol. 38. A. D. 1549. Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxiii. fol. 10.
# A. D. 1561-1566. Book of Assumptions.
# A. D. 1600-1700. Macfarlane's Geog. Collect.
# A. D. 1600-1700. Macfarlane's Geog. Collect. ''Circa'' A. D. 1640. MS. Maps in Adv. Lib. Blaeu.
# ''Circa'' A. D. 1640. MS. Maps in Adv. Lib.
# A. D. 1662. Retours.
# Tigernachi Annales. Dr. Reeves in a paper published in the Irish Ecclesiastical Journal for 1849 affirms that Saint Rufus and Saint Malrube were different persons. If so, they were frequently confounded in Scotland. Kilarrow in Islay was named also Kilrow, that is, the church of Malrube and the church of Rufus. An island off Saint Malrube's own territory of Applecross is named Saint Ruffus' Island. The town of Keith in Banff, of old called Kethmalruf (Reg. Mor. no. 25.) after the saint of Applecross, and where the annual fair is still known as Summareve (Saint Malruve) fair, is locally and popularly said to have been dedicated to Saint Rufus. See Reg. Episc. Aberdon. vol. i. p. Ixxxvi. ; vol. ii. p. 17.
# Tigernachi Annales. Thomas Innes in his history of Scotland now in course of publication by the Spalding Club says that Saint Maelrubius or Mulruy was commemorated on the 21st of April.
# Brev. Aberd. Prop. SS. pro temp, estiv., fol. 90. By other authorities Saint Malrube is said to have been slain in Mernia, that is, in Kincardineshire, which by some is by mistake rendered Nairn. Urquhart, it appears, was known by the Gaelic name Urchudini-cill-na-chrossan. Paper by Dr. Reeves above cited. Keith's Bishops.
# Tigernachi Annales. Annal. Ulton.


robbed the priests and other ministers in contempt of Saint Malrube, and returned to their
vessels, which were afterwards sunk in sight of land without any storm.1 The church was after
wards a common church of the canons of Ross.2{{sfn|Donaldson|1966|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=I-QgAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA39 39]}} This seems to complete its known history
before the era of the Reformation. In 1574 Murquho or Murdoch Johnnestoun was reader
at Apilcroce, and in 1575 he was presented by King James VI. to the parsonage and vicarage of
Apilcroce, ‘being ane commoun kirk of the bischoprik of Ros.’3{{sfn|Donaldson|1966|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=I-QgAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA39 39]}} In 1662 John M‘Keanzie of
Aplecroce was served heir to his grandfather Alexander Mackeanzie of Coull in the lands of
Aplecroce and the advowson of the church.4{{sfn|Retours|1816|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=PiVDAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA10-PA11#v=onepage&q&f=false 164]]}}

The church stood at the head of the bay of Applecross on the west coast of the parish.5 The
building which existed in the seventeenth century is styled by a writer of the time ‘a fair hieland
kirk.’6 The church standing in 1788 was then condemned as insufficient, and the present church
was built in 1817.7 Near it are the remains of an ecclesiastical building, but whether those of a
church or of a monastery does not appear.8 In the last century it was common with the
inhabitants to swear by the ''Ider'' of Applecross.9

There was a [[Chaplaincy of Apilcroce|chaplainry in Applecross]], dedicated to Saint Malrube, and served by one or two
chaplains. In 1515 King James V. presented Sir Alexander Makcloid to the two chaplainries
within the parish church of Abilcors, when they should be vacant by the decease or inhability of
Sir Murdoc and Sir Cristin the chaplains.10{{sfn|Livingstone|1908|p=[https://archive.org/details/registrumsecret00scotgoog/page/409/mode/1up 409]}} In 1539 the same king presented Sir John
Donaldsoun to the chaplainry of the chapel of Saint Malrube in Apilcors, vacant by the decease
of Sir Alexander M‘Clode.11{{sfn|Fleming|1921|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=AdULAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA450 450]}} In 1540 (20 March) he presented Sir John Donaldsoun to the
chaplainry of Saint Malrube in Apilcroce, vacant by the decease of Sir Christofer Johnesoun ;
and in the same year (29 March) he granted to Master John Cameroun and Sir John Donaldsoun
chaplains all the goods that belonged to the deceased chaplain, which were in the King's
hands by reason of his having been born and died illegitimate.12{{sfn|Fleming|1921|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=AdULAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA514 514]}}. In the same year (29 November)
he presented Master John Cameroun to the chaplainry of Saint Malrube in Apilcroce, when it
should be vacant by the resignation of Sir John Donaldsoun.13{{sfn|Fleming|1921|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=AdULAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA555 555]}} In 1542 the same king presented
Sir Murdoc Johnsoune younger to half the chaplainry of Apilcroce, when it should be vacant by
the resignation of Sir Murdoc Johnesoun the elder.14{{sfn|Fleming|1921|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=AdULAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA681 681]}} In 1548 Queen Mary granted a similar
presentation in favour of the same Sir Murdoc or Murquhard Jhonestoun the younger to the
chaplainry of Saint Mulrube the martyr of Abilcors, the presentation belonging to the Queen
during the vacancy of the see.15{{sfn|Reeves|1862|p=[https://archive.org/details/proceedingssoci19unkngoog/page/283/mode/1up 283]}} In 1549 that queen, who was patron ''plena jure'', presented
Sir John Donaldsoun to the chaplainry of Saint Malrube the martyr in Abilcors, vacant or when{{sfn|Innes|1854|p=[https://archive.org/details/originesparoc97a02unknuoft/page/403/mode/1up 403]}}


# Brev. Aberd. Prop. SS. pro temp, estiv., fol. 90. The parish is still locally styled ''Comrich'', which signifies ‘girth’ or ‘sanctuary.’ Old and New Stat. Acc. Macfarlane. In the year 800 the Irish annalists record the death of Macoige of Apercrosan abbot of Bangor.
# Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xliii. fol. 17.
# Book of Assignations. Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xliii. fol. 17.
# Rotours.
# Old and New Stat. Acc. County Maps.
# Macfarlane's Geog. Collect.
# Old Stat. Acc. New Stat. Acc.
# Letter from Rev. John M‘Queen to Gen. Hutton, 1789. Old and New Stat. Acc.
# Old Stat Acc.
# Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. v. fol. 29.
# Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xiii. fol. 26.
# Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xiii. ff. 73, 87.
# Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xiv., fol. 36.
# Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xv. fol. 84.
# Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxii. fol. 38. In the record of this presentation the chaplainry is said to be founded ‘in the parish church of Ross in the diocese of the same.’


vacant by the resignation of Master John Camroun.1{{sfn|Reeves|1862|p=[https://archive.org/details/proceedingssoci19unkngoog/page/284/mode/1up 284]}} In 1561 she presented Sir William Monro
chaplain to the chaplainry of Apilcroce within the girth of the same, vacant by the decease
of Sir John Donaldsone.2{{sfn|Reeves|1862|p=[https://archive.org/details/proceedingssoci19unkngoog/page/284/mode/1up 284]}} In 1569 King James VI. confirmed a grant made by Sir William
Stewart chaplain of Apilcroce, with the consent of John bishop of Ross, the dean, and the
canons, to Rory Makkangze and his heirs male, with remainder to Kenzeoch M‘Kangze of Kintaill
and his male heirs whomsoever bearing his arms and surname, of half of the lands of Bonnadell,
Longoll and Achechork, Kippech, Satrell and Drumloy, Cowlmoir, Corchirie, Coulnakill, Ardestang,
Scheildag, Dybege, Rischill, and Lestang, in the earldom of Ross and sheriffdom of
Innernes, which belonged to Sir William as the patrimony of the chaplainry.3{{sfn|Reeves|1862|pp=[https://archive.org/details/proceedingssoci19unkngoog/page/284/mode/1up 284-285]}} In 1576 the
same king granted to Kenoch M‘Kenze, the son of master Alexander M‘Kenze of Kilchrist, for
his ‘sustentatioun at the sculis’ for seven years, one of the chaplainries of Apilcroce, vacant by
the decease of Sir William Stewart.4{{sfn|Reeves|1862|p=[https://archive.org/details/proceedingssoci19unkngoog/page/285/mode/1up 285]}} In 1583 he granted to Patrick Dunbar, the son of the
deceased David Dunbar of Penik, the same chaplainry, vacant by the ‘outrunning’ of the grant
to Kenzeoeh M‘Kainzie.5{{sfn|Reeves|1862|p=[https://archive.org/details/proceedingssoci19unkngoog/page/285/mode/1up 285]}}

Saint Rufius island, Loch-an-tagart (the priest's loch), Island-na-nuagh (saints' island),
Loch-na-nuag (the holy loch), and other names, indicate the former veneration for the asylum
and territory consecrated by Saint Malrube.6

In 1574 Murquho Johnnestoun reader at Apilcroce had for his stipend the sum of £17 and 8d.7

Between 1561 and 1566 the united value of the chaplainries of Saint Monanis (in Kiltearn)
and Apilcorce, held by Sir William Stewart vicar of Dingwall, was stated by him at 36 marks.8

The district of Applecross was probably included in the hinds of the Earl of Ross in North Argyle,
which formed part of the sheriffdom of Skey erected in 1292 by King John Balliol.9{{NoteTag|[[Cosmo Nelson Innes (1798-1874)|Innes]] cites for this statement Acta Parl. Scot., vol. i. p. 91. We find in volume 1 of his ''[[Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland (vol. 1)|Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland]]'' an entry that says,
::Novus vicecomitatus de Skey pro Comite de Rofs. 91.{{sfn|Scotland|1844|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=wKA0AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA288 288]}}

This appears to be the act of {{date|9 February 1293|dmy}}, instilling the Earl of Ross with the sheriffdom of Skye.

It reads,
::“The Earl of Ross. The lord king, for keeping the peace and stability of the kingdom established and ordained that there shall be [sheriffs] of the underwritten lands, namely of the lands of the earldom of Ross in north Argyll, the land of Glenc’, the king’s land of Skye and [?]Lewis, eight davachs of the land of [...], Eigg and Rum, Uist and Barra with the very small isles. And he should be called the sheriff of Skye.”{{sfn|Brown|Mann|Tanner|2007–2024|loc=[http://www.rps.ac.uk/mss/1293/2/16 1293/2/16]}}

There is no mention of Applecross directly.}} It seems also
to have been included among the lands of the Earl of Ros between the years 1306 and 1329.10

In 1662 John M‘Keanzie of Aplecroce was served heir male to his grandfather Alexander
M‘Keanzie of Coull in the lands of Aplecroce, including the towns and lands of Rossollis
commonly called Over and Nether Rossollis, Resker, Toskag, Barradaill, Longoll, Keppach,
Auchmoir, Sacadaill, Drumley, Culmoir, Tercherrie, Drumclaughan, Kirktoun of Aplecroce,
Killiemorie, Culdnakle, Ardestag, Schildag, Sacrell, Testang, Sadilack, Auchiechock, and
Culnakle, with the advowson of the church of Aplecroce, in the parish of Aplecroce and
bishoprick of Ross, of the extent of 48 marks, with 3s. 4d. in augmentation of the rental.11{{sfn|Retours|1816|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=PiVDAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA10-PA11#v=onepage&q&f=false 164]}}

At Shieldag on Loch Torridon there is a fishing village with a population of 200.12

In the district of Applecross are the remains of a subterranean dwelling or place of concealment, four feet wide and four feet deep, faced with stone, and roofed with flags.13{{sfn|McQueen|1792|p=[https://archive.org/details/b21365799_003/page/378/mode/1up 378]}}<ref name="Origines Paroch vol. 2 p. 404" />


# Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxiii. fol. 10.
#Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxx. fol. 53.
#Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxxviii. fol. 119. Of the building whose ruins remain beside the church the Old Stat Acc. says—‘It was richly endowed with landed property, which tradition relates to have been conveyed by the last Popish missionary (incumbent) in the place, known by the designation of the Red Priest of Applecross, to his daughter.’ This building therefore may possibly have been the chapel of Saint Malrube, either forming part of the old church or detached.{{NoteTag|The passage that this footnote pertains to is that of the grant made by Sir William
Stewart chaplain of Apilcroce to Rory Mackenzie of lands which belonged to Sir William as the patrimony of the chaplainry. Documents of the 16th century refer to this chaplaincy as the chaplaincy of the chapel of Saint Malrube in Apilcroce. So, is Innes reading this to mean that these ruins were of the chapel of Saint Malrube of this 16th century chaplaincy?

Around the same time, [[William Reeves (bishop)|William Reeves]] was reading this same sentence in the Old Statistical Account to say that these ruins were of the original monastery of Maelrubha.

::“Cloſe by the pariſh church, are the remains of an old religious houſe, where the ﬅandard and ſoles of crucifixes are ﬅill to be ſeen. It was richly endowed with landed property, which tradition relates to have been conveyed, by the laﬅ Popiſh mißionary, in the place known by the deſignation of the Red Prieﬅ of Applecroß, to his daughter.”}}
#Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xliii. fol. 100.
#Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xlix. fol. 165.
#See Thomson's Map.
#Book of Assignations,
#Book of Assumptions.
#Acta Parl. Scot., vol. i. p. 91.
#Rob. Index, p. 16, no. 7. Reg. Moray., p. 342.
# Retours. From this it appears that the chapel lands included nearly all the lands of the parish.
#New Stat. Acc.
# Old Stat. Acc.

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* {{cite book |title = The Annals of Tigernach |title-link=The Annals of Tigernach |editor-first = Gearóid |editor-last=Mac Niocaill |publisher = (unpublished) |type=one electronic file |via=[[Corpus of Electronic Texts]] }}{{#set: Has source=The Annals of Tigernach}}
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|timeline=1854 - In the 2nd volume of ''[[Origines parochiales Scotiae (vol. 2)|Origines Parochiales]]'', [[Cosmo Nelson Innes (1798-1874)|Cosmo Innes]] suggests of the building whose ruins remain beside the church in [[Applecross Parish, Ross-shire|Applecross Parish]], "This building therefore may possibly have been the [[St. Maelrubha's monastery at Aporcrosan|chapel of Saint Malrube]], either forming part of the old church or detached."
|citation=[[#CITEREFInnes1854|Innes 1854]], p. [https://archive.org/details/originesparoc97a02unknuoft/page/404/mode/1up 404].
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|citation=[[#CITEREFInnes1854|Innes 1854]], p. [https://archive.org/details/originesparoc97a02unknuoft/page/404/mode/1up 404].
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Source:Origines parochiales (Applecross) - Revision history

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